Andropause is a condition that affects men as they age, similar to menopause in women. It is sometimes called male menopause or late-onset hypogonadism. As men get older, their testosterone levels gradually decline by about 1% per year after age 30. This drop in testosterone can lead to various physical and emotional symptoms.
Some common signs and symptoms of andropause include:
- Decreased sex drive - Many men notice a drop in libido as they get older. Lower testosterone levels can lead to reduced sexual desire.
- Erectile dysfunction - Problems getting or sustaining an erection become more likely. Testosterone plays a role in libido and sexual function.
- Fatigue - Low testosterone is associated with feeling tired, sluggish and having low energy levels. This can affect motivation and activity levels.
- Mood changes - Men with andropause may experience irritability, sadness, anxiety or depression. Hormone changes can impact mood and emotions.
- Loss of muscle mass - Testosterone helps maintain muscle mass. Its decline can lead to loss of strength and lean body mass.
- Increased body fat - Particularly abdominal fat. Hormone changes shift body composition towards increased fat.
- Reduced bone density - Testosterone promotes bone formation. Lower levels increase osteoporosis risk.
- Hot flashes - Sudden feelings of warmth spreading through the upper body, possibly with sweating or blushing. Less common than in menopause.
- Sleep disturbances - Problems falling or staying asleep become more common. Testosterone effects sleep cycles.
- Concentration or memory issues - Some men report "brain fog" or difficulty focusing and retaining information.
The exact causes of andropause are not fully understood, but normal aging likely plays a central role. Other factors like obesity, diabetes, heart disease, stress and lack of exercise may contribute.
Diagnosing andropause involves checking testosterone levels via blood test. Symptoms alone are not enough, as many overlap with normal aging. This can help alleviate symptoms but has some risks like prostate issues. Other options are lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, stress management and sometimes antidepressants.
In summary, andropause refers to age-related testosterone decline in men leading to symptoms like low libido, erectile dysfunction, fatigue, mood changes and loss of muscle mass. It is diagnosed via blood test and treated through hormone therapy, lifestyle changes or medications. While it shares some parallels with menopause, there are key differences. Understanding male hormonal changes is important for men wanting to maintain wellbeing as they age.